https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47832 Wed 01 Feb 2023 13:35:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45857 p level: 1.06 × 10^-7), that were associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy, including associated genes AHRR (cancer development), FTO (obesity), CNTNAP2 (developmental processes), CYP1A1 (detoxification), MYO1G (cell signalling) and FRMD4A (nicotine dependence). A sensitivity analysis showed a dose dependent relationship between maternal smoking and offspring methylation. These results changed little following adjustment for paternal, passive or offspring smoking and there were no CpGs identified that associated with these variables. Two of the 23 identified CpGs (cg00253568 (FTO) and cg00213123 (CYP1A1)) were associated with either TG (males and females), diastolic blood pressure (females only) or HDL-C (males only), after Bonferroni correction. Discussion: This study demonstrates a critical timing of cigarette smoke exposure over the life-course for establishing persistent changes in DNA methylation into adolescence in a dose dependent manner. There were significant associations between offspring CpG methylation and adolescent cardiovascular risk factors, namely TG, HDL-C and diastolic blood pressure. Future studies on current smoking habits and DNA methylation should consider the importance of maternal smoking during pregnancy and explore how the persistent DNA methylation effects of in utero smoke exposure increase cardiometabolic risk.]]> Tue 08 Nov 2022 08:25:41 AEDT ]]>